The particle turbulence force is a hybrid particle-grid force that generates turbulences for the dynamics velocity (grid) field.
Unlike the Swirling force, which cannot generate new vortices/turbulences on its own, the particle turbulence force can.

It uses Vorticity particles to create new vortices of different scales which are especially useful for highly turbulent scenarios such as fire, explosions, splashing liquids and generally swirling/splashy motions. The vorticity/turbulence of the flow is perfectly conserved with this method.

That way you can locally emit vorticity particles where new turbulences shall be formed.